It has an added component, called clavulanic acid, which binds and inhibits the proteins used by these bacteria to become resistant to penicillin. Sulfa Antibiotics The best-known sulfa antibiotic is Bactrim. Sulfa antibiotics interfere with bacterial growth by inhibiting the production of a specific protein. Sulfa antibiotics were used to treat uncomplicated UTIs until bacteria started becoming resistant to it. As of , its use is limited in areas where the resistance rate is low.
Cephalosporins Cephalosporin antibiotics are related to penicillin, and kill bacteria in the same way--by inhibiting cell wall synthesis. Cephalosporins are useful in the treatment of UTIs in patients with penicillin allergies, although there is a small risk of also having an allergy to cephalosporins if you are allergic to penicillin.
Also, intravenous cephalosporins, like ceftriaxone, are useful in the treatment of complicated UTIs or pyelonephritis kidney infections , especially if the patient needs hospitalization or is unable to tolerate medicines by mouth.
Fluoroquinolones Fluoroquinolone antibiotics were developed as alternative antibiotics to the growing penicillin resistance among bacteria.
They work by inhibiting the division of DNA at the cellular level, and by making bacterial DNA more fragile and easier to break. Measure the liquid with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. Use this medication for the full prescribed length of time.
Your symptoms may improve before the infection is completely cleared. Skipping doses may also increase your risk of further infection that is resistant to antibiotics.
Bactrim will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu. Drink plenty of fluids to prevent kidney stones while you are taking trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. This medication can cause unusual results with certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using Bactrim.
Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Dosage Information in more detail What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember.
Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at What should I avoid? Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or bloody, stop taking this medication and call your doctor. Do not use anti-diarrhea medicine unless your doctor tells you to. Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds.
This medication can make you sunburn more easily. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen SPF 30 or higher when you are outdoors.
Bactrim side effects Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction to Bactrim:
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