When bacteriologic testing indicates appropriate susceptibility to the drug, doxycycline may be used to treat these infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria: It is not recommended alone for initial treatment of malaria, even when the parasite is doxycycline-sensitive, because the antimalarial effect of doxycycline is delayed.
Representative pathogenic genera include Chlamydia, Streptococcus, Ureaplasma, Mycoplasma, and others. The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms. An erythematous rash in sun-exposed parts of the body has been reported to occur in 7. One study examined the tolerability of various malaria prophylactic regimens and found doxycycline did not cause a significantly higher percentage of all skin events photosensitivity not specified when compared with other antimalarials.
The rash resolves upon discontinuation of the drug. Other tetracycline derivatives used for treating acne are oxytetracycline and lymecycline. Erythromycin Erythromycin is also a broad-spectrum antibiotic. It is available in different dosage forms including capsules, coated tablets, gels, ointments, eye drops, oral suspensions and injections.
It inhibits bacterial growth instead of killing them off. In this way, it reduces their population long enough for them to die out. Therefore, erythromycin is most effective in acne treatment when the population of the colonizing bacteria is still low. The recommended dose of this drug is — mg taken twice daily.
It is also available in topical acne products. Erythromycin may cause dry skin, irritation and other symptoms of allergic reaction in some people. It can also cause gastrointestinal upset. Clindamycin Clindamycin is used for treating infections caused by anaerobic bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes.
It is the most popular topical antibiotic used in the treatment of acne. When formulated as Clindamycin phosphate, it is used to treat mild to moderate acne. Different studies have shown that the combination of clindamycin with other anti-acne drugs produces more effective acne solutions than single therapy with each of the drugs. Such synergistic antibiotic effect is observed when clindamycin is combined with benzoyl peroxide or adapalene. Clindamycin is also known to be particularly effective in combating drug-resistance bacteria such as MRSA methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
It can also be taken as an oral antibiotic in the following dose: The major side effect of oral administration of clindamycin is a type of diarrhea caused by the opportunistic infection by Clostridium difficile.
Using Antibiotics to Treat Acne Since acne treatment may last for years, antibiotics are only recommended for short-term therapy. There are two reasons for this. First, antibiotics should only be taken for short periods because long-term therapies increase the chance of the causative bacteria developing resistance to effective antibiotics.
Secondly, antibiotics can have very serious side effects which only worsen with long-term therapy due to their cumulative effects. Antibiotic treatment of acne should only last for a few months at most.
Absorption of tetracycline is impaired by antacids containing aluminum, calcium, or magnesium, and iron containing preparations. Concurrent use of tetracycline may render oral contraceptives less effective. The concurrent use of tetracycline and methoxyflurane has been reported to result in fatal renal toxicity.
Are doxycycline and tetracycline safe to use while pregnant or breastfeeding? Doxycycline Tetracycline antibiotics, such as doxycycline, can have toxic effects on development of bone in the fetus. Therefore, tetracyclines are not recommended during pregnancy unless there is no other appropriate antibiotic. Doxycycline is secreted into breast milk but the extent of absorption by the breastfed infant is not known.
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